Steam boiler



Nov. 19, 1935. J B, WOOD 2,021,823

STEAM BOILER Filed Feb. 19, 1934 JAR RETT B. WOOD.

' INVENTOR.

BY 22M. /JL 2.,

A TToRNEY.

APatented Nov. 19, 1935 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 4 Claims.

My invention consists in new and useful improvements in steam boilers and is in the nature of an improvement of the boiler described in United States Letters Patent No. 1,819,350 granted to me on August 18, 1931.

The primary object of the present invention is to provide a steam boiler which is compact in construction and of high eniciency in proportion to its size, the various elements of the assembly being so arranged with relation to the fire-box as to facilitate a maximum utilization of the heat units generated in the rire-box.

Another object of my invention is to provide a structure wherein a portion of the steam generated is subjected to superheating, means being provided for regulating the temperature of the superheated steam as it leaves the boiler for utilization.

A further object of my invention resides in the provision of a combination water leg and fire-box which greatly increases the eiciency of the boiler assembly.

A still further object of my invention is to provide means for the maintenance of a quantity of reserve steam in the event of a sudden heavy steam demand, and to further maintain a constant water endurance level.

Still another object of my invention resides in my improved arrangement for providing a maximum circulation of water in the boiler.

With the above and other objects in View which will appear as the description proceeds, my invention consists in the novel features herein set forth, illustrated in the accompanying drawing and more particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

Referring to the drawing in which numerals of like character designate similar parts throughout the several views,

Fig. 1 is a vertical sectional view of my improved boiler taken on line A-A of Fig. 2.

Fig. 2 is a transverse sectional view taken on line B-B of Fig. l, and

Fig. 3 is a sectional view showing a modified form of heat exchanger for regulating the temperature of the superheatedY steam.

In the drawing, I represents a lower head which is substantially cylindrical in shape and terminates at its lower extremity in an annular water leg 2 which houses a re-box 3, the latter being provided with any suitable burner (not shown). A

A vertically extending centrally disposed column 4 connects the upper extremity of the head I with the lower extremity of. an upper head. 5, the latq ter being also substantially cylindrical in shape and disposed coaxially above the lower head.

The boiler assemblyk is enclosed in a jacket 21 embracing the peripheral walls of the heads I and 5 and provided at its upper extremity with '5 a removable cover 28 suitably hanged for engagement with the upper end of the jacket 21.

In the annular space 8 formed by the walls of the column 4 and jacket 2l between the lower head I and upper head 5, I provide two series of l0 alternately disposed steam superheating coils B and water circulating coils l. Referring to Fig. 1, it will be noted that for convenience I have shown one superheating coil and one water coil on opposite sides of the figure.

As also shown in Fig. l, the upper ends of the superheating coils 6 are open and extend above a predetermined water level maintained in the head 5, the. lower ends of said coils terminating in communication with an annular header 9 which 20 is located in the lower portion of the space 8 and discharges at one side of the boiler into an outlet pipe I0 from which steam may be led to an engine or other point of service.

The alternately arranged water coils 'l open 'at 25 their upper extremities into the lower portion of the upper header 5 and terminate at their lower extremities in communication with the upper portion of the lower header I, whereby the water heated in the boiler is circulated through the system.

Aseries of short flues II extending vertically through the header I connect the fire-box 3 with the annular chamber 8 whereby the hot flue gases are conducted to the space surrounding the coils 6 and 1. A second series of short lues I2 extend Vvertically through the upper header 5 and connect the upper 'end of the chamber 8 wthra smoke chamber I3 in the upper portion of the jacket `2li, the spent gases and smoke escaping through 40 ra suitable opening in the top of the cover 28.

is for the purpose of aiding in drying the steam 55 before it enters the superheating coils 6 which, it will be noted, terminate above the baille.

In the smoke chamber I3, I provide a reserve steam drum I6 opening at its lower end in communication with the central portion of 'the head 5 above the bailie I4 through the medium of a vertical conduit I1. A pipe I8 leads from the drum I6 and extends to the exterior and down the side of the boiler where it is joined by a pipe I5 leading from the upper head 5. A valve V1 is preferably provided in the line I8 between its connection to the drum I6 and the junction of line I5, whereby steam may be withdrawn from either the upper head 5, or both the upper head and the drum as desired.

The pipe I8 terminates at its lower-end-in a T-connection 30 which extends in one direction to a coil I9 located in a water chamber .22, said coil being connected at its discharge .en d .by means of a T 3I to a pipe 32 which leads to the Asteam discharge lpipe I0. A by-pass pipe 20 connects the pipe I8 with the pipe 32 whereby through the ,manipulation of Valves V2, V3 and V4, the steamgfrompipe 'i 8 may be passed through the coil I9 t0 pipe .3;2 and discharge pipe I0, or it may be bypassed through pipe `2l] directly to pipe 32 and discharge pipe I0.

The water chamber enclosing the coil I9 is provided at its upper end-With an inlet connection Y23 and at 4i-ts 'lower end with a discharge connection 25 which leads to the inlet pipe .24 of the lower hea-,d I. Thus the stream of water being fed from any suitable source through water inlet pipe 24 into the lower head I may, if desired, be augmented and preheated by the aclmission of Water from chamber 22 through pipe Referring -to Fig. 3 which shows a modified form of heat exchange element, 1t will be seen that instead of the arrangement shown and described in connection with Fig. l, the steam discharge pipe I is directly connectedwith the inlet, end of the coil I9 bythe pipe '2;0, and the discharge end of said coil is connected back into the steam discharge pipe ybv mean-S of pipe 2l', valves V5, V6 and V7 being provided for controlling the flow `as hereinafter described.

Having thus described the construction and `assembly of my improved steam boiler, its operation is as follows.:

Water is charged tothe lower head I through pipe 2.4 rising .through the central column 4 to Ya predetermined level in head 5. As before stated, this charging water Ymay be preheated vby the admission of heated water from the chamber 22 Vof the heat exchanger. The heat from the hre-box 3 and the `hot flue gases passing upwardly through the flues I'I, :2-9 and I 2 :bring about a su'liciently high temperature in the boiler to cause :the formation of steam, the greater portion. of which is generated in the column 4, the water lcoils 1 providing for the circulation of heated water in the boiler. The generated steam rises to. the .upper head ,5. where it Acomes in .CQIltact with the baliie YI 4 whichaids in ,drying the Ksteam before it enters the upper ends of the steam coils 6. These coils conduct the steam downwardly through the annular chamber 8 where it is superheated by the ilue gases entering said chamber through flues II, the superheated steam being discharged into a common header 9 and from thence to any point of use use, I may mix with the superheated steam leaving the header 9 suitable quantities of unsuperheated steam direct from the upper head through pipes I5 and I8, and with the apparatus shown in Fig. 1, this regulation may be carried out in two Ways. First, by closing valves V2 and V3 and opening valve V4, the unsuperheated steam may be con-ducted through pipes I5, I8, 25 and 32 directly into the discharge line I0. Secondly, by opening valves V2 and V3 and closing valve V4, he steam from the upper head 5 may be conducted through pipes I5 and I 8, .through the coil I9 in water chamber 22 and then through pipe 32 into the steam discharge pipe vin.

.I may also, when desired, instead of carrying out either of the foregoing operations for the regula-tion of the .temperature of the steam and for the further purpose of supplying an additional quantity of steam, inject water through Vpipe V21.6 into the stream of superheated steam rleaving the header .9 .through pipe I0.

'Ehe-steam .drum I6 located Vin the upper portionof theboiler -is used for the purpose of Vproviding a large steam vliberating space or the maintenance of a larger amount of steam in Yreserve lin the event of a-suddenheavy steam demand. Furthermore, this arrangement provides .a Vmore constant steady flow of steam to the steam header 9 incase of sudden heavy demands and tends to maintain a constant water endurance level.

.By manipulating the valve V1, a Vportion of the reserve steam indrum I6 may be withdrawn through pipe I8 for use in regulating the temperature .of the steam discharged through pipe I0 in .either .of the .manners hereinbefore described.

The operation A0f .the modified form of heat .exchanger .shown -in Fig. .3 is `as follows, it Vbeing .understood that .otherwise .the structure. of the boiler itself is the same as that shown in Fig. 1. By opening vulves V5 and V7 and closing valve V6, lthe vunsuperheated steam from line I8 may .be...conveyed directly `through pipe 2.0 into the discharge pipe .I for .regulating the temperature of the discharged steam. On the other hand, b y closing valves V7 .and VB .and opening valves V5 .and V5, the Vsuperheated steam leaving the header :9 may beconducted from pipe .I vup through .pipe .2.9' and passed through ythe coil i9 inthe .waterchamber 2,2 where its temperature is reduced .to the vdesired extent., and back through pipe ,2 I' `into the discharge pipey I Il. Furthermore, 'by .closing valve V8 and opening valves V5 and V6 and vthrottling valve V", I may split the stream of .superheated steam leaving .the .header through pipe IB so that a portion thereof will pass through pipe 20 and coil I9' and the ,remainder continue through Ypipe l0.

It will thus be seen that I have provided a highly eflicient steam boiler which is capable of producing any desired quantity or quality of steam for use in connection with any steam operated apparatus.

From the foregoing it is believed that my invention may be readily understood by those skilled in the art without further description, it

being borne in mind that numerous changes may 'bemad'e in the details of construction and operation without departing from the spirit of the invention as set out in the following claims.

`What I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1.1A steam boiler including a fire-box, a water head immediately above said re-box, a water and steam head spaced above said first named head, a centrally disposed column connecting said heads and forming the inner wall of an annular heating chamber, said column placing said heads in communication, a smoke chamber above said upper head, a series of flues extending from said nre-box through said heads and column to said smoke chamber, a series of water circulating coils located in said heating chamber and placing the water spaceof said upper head in communication with said lower head, a series of steam superheating coils located in said heating chamber, said superheating coils being open at one end to the steam space of said upper head,

their lower ends terminating in a common header, lues leading from said nre-box to the lower end of said heating chamber through said Water head, flues leading from said heating chamber to said smoke chamber through said steam and Water head, and a conduit for conducting steam from said header to a point of use.

2. A steam boiler including a fire-box, a water head immediately above said fire-box, a water and steam head spaced above said iirst named head, a centrally disposed column connecting said heads and forming the inner wall of an annular heating chamber, said column placing said heads in communication, a smoke chamber above said upper head, a series of ues extending from said rire-box through said heads and column to said smoke chamber, a series of Water circulating coils located in said heating chamber and placing the Water space of said upper head in communication With said lower head, a series of steam superheating coils located in said heating chamber and alternately spaced with respect to said water coils, said superheating coils being open at one end to the steam space of said upper head, their lower ends terminating in a common header, ilues leading from said nre-box to the lower end of said heating chamber through said water head, flues leading from said heating chamber to said smoke chamber through said steam and Water head, and a conduit for conducting steam from said header to a point of use.

3. A steam boiler including a fire-box, a water head immediately above said nre-box, a water and steam head spaced above said first named head, a centrally disposed column connecting said heads and forming the inner wall of an annular heating chamber and alternately spaced with respect to said water coils, said superheating coils being open at one end to the steam space of said upper head above said baille, their lower ends terminating in a common header, flues leading from said nre-box to the lower end of said heating chamber through said water head, flues leading from said heating chamber to said smoke chamber through said steam and Water head, and a conduit for conducting steam from said header to a point of use.

4. A steam boiler incuding a nre-box, a water head immediately above said nre-box, a water and steam head spaced above said rst named head, a centrally disposed column connecting said heads and forming the inner wall of an annular heating chamber, said column placing said heads in communication, a smoke chamber above said upper head, a series of ues extending from said nre-box through said heads and column to said smoke chamber, a perforated baie located in said upper head above the water level, a series of water circulating coils located in said heating chamber and placing the water space of said upper head in communication with said lower head, a series of steam superheating coils located in said heating chamber and alternately spaced with respect to said water coils, said superheating coils being open at one end to the steam space of said upper head above said baffle, their lower ends terminating in a common header, ues leading from said fire-box to the lower end of said heating chamber through said water head, flues leading from said heating chamber to said smoke chamber through said steam and water head, a conduit for conducting steam from said header to a point of use, and a reserve steam drum located in said smoke chamber and in communication with the steam space of said upper head.

JARRETT B. WOOD. 

